Stomata

Stomata are minuscule, dynamic openings present on the leaves, and sometimes stems, of cannabis plants, playing an indispensable role in the plant’s respiration, photosynthesis, and transpiration processes. Functioning as gatekeepers, these microscopic pores modulate the exchange of gases by opening and closing, regulating the intake of carbon dioxide (CO2) which is essential for photosynthesis – the process where plants convert light, water, and CO2 into glucose and oxygen.

During photosynthesis, cannabis plants absorb atmospheric CO2 through their stomata, using the carbon to fuel growth and the oxygen as a byproduct, which is then released back into the environment.

The Role of Stomatal Density and Responsiveness

The density and responsiveness of stomata on the cannabis plant are critical factors in maintaining an optimal balance of CO2, which is vital for maximizing the plant’s growth and yield. Cannabis growers often manipulate environmental CO2 levels to accelerate photosynthesis, a practice known as CO2 supplementation.

This cultivation technique takes advantage of the stomata’s CO2 absorption process by increasing the concentration of CO2 in the growing environment, ideally between 700 to 1500 parts per million (ppm) – a range known to significantly boost cannabis plant growth relative to the normal atmospheric concentration of approximately 400 ppm.

External Factors Affecting Stomatal Function

Stomatal function is influenced by various external factors such as light intensity, humidity, and temperature. As an intrinsic part of cannabis plant physiology, stomata react to these environmental changes, opening under favorable conditions to augment CO2 intake for photosynthesis, and closing when conditions necessitate conservation of water or protection from external stressors.

Growers can optimize stomatal performance through precise control of the grow environment, ensuring the plant’s stomata facilitate a highly efficient uptake of CO2, thereby contributing to a robust and potent cannabis crop.